Results for 'Jeffrey S. Seidman'

984 found
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  1.  63
    Rationality and reflection.Jeffrey S. Seidman - 2003 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 6 (2):201-214.
    Christine Korsgaard claims that an agent is less than fully rational if she allows some attitude to inform her deliberation even though she cannot justify doing so. I argue that there is a middle way, which Korsgaard misses, between the claim that our attitudes neither need nor admit of rational assessment, on the one hand, and Korsgaard's claim that the attitudes which inform our deliberation always require justification, on the other: an agent needs reasons to opt out of her concerns (...)
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  2. Two Sides of 'Silencing'.Jeffrey Seidman - 2005 - Philosophical Quarterly 55 (218):68 - 77.
    John McDowell argues that for virtuous agents the requirements of virtue do not outweigh competing considerations, but 'silence' them. He explains this claim in two different ways: a virtuous agent (a) will not be tempted to act in a way which is incompatible with virtue ('motivational silencing'), or (b) will not believe that he has any reason to act in a way which is incompatible with virtue ('rational silencing'). I identify a small class of cases in which alone McDowell's claims (...)
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  3. Valuing and caring.Jeffrey Seidman - 2009 - Theoria 75 (4):272-303.
    What is it to "value" something, in the semi-technical sense of the term that Gary Watson establishes? I argue that valuing something consists in caring about it. Caring involves not only emotional dispositions of the sort that Agnieszka Jaworska has elaborated, but also a distinctive cognitive disposition – namely, a (defeasible) disposition to believe the object cared about to be a source of agent-relative reasons for action and for emotion. Understood in this way, an agent's carings have a stronger claim (...)
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  4. Caring and incapacity.Jeffrey Seidman - 2010 - Philosophical Studies 147 (2):301 - 322.
    This essay seeks to explain a morally important class of psychological incapacity—the class of what Bernard Williams has called “incapacities of character.” I argue for two main claims: (1) Caring is the underlying psychological disposition that gives rise to incapacities of character. (2) In competent, rational adults, caring is, in part, a cognitive and deliberative disposition. Caring is a mental state which disposes an agent to believe certain considerations to be good reasons for deliberation and action. And caring is a (...)
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  5.  91
    Caring and the Boundary-Driven Structure of Practical Deliberation.Jeffrey Seidman - 2008 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 3 (1):1-37.
    When a reasonable agent deliberates about what to do, she entertains only a limited range of possible courses of action. A theory of practical reasoning must therefore include an account of deliberative attention: an account that both explains the patterns of deliberative attention that reasonable agents typically display and allows us to see why these patterns of deliberative attention are reasonable. I offer such an account, built around two, central claims. A reasonable agent who cares about some end is disposed (...)
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  6.  62
    Respect for Nature, Respect for Persons, Respect for Value.Jeffrey Seidman - 2022 - Philosophy 97 (3):361-385.
    I elucidate a frame of mind that David Wiggins callsrespect for nature, which he understands as a special attitude toward asui generisobject, Natureas such. A person with this frame of mind takes nature to impose defeasible limits on her action, so that there are some courses of action that she will refuse even to entertain, except in circumstances of dire exigency. I defend the reasonableness of respect for nature, drawing upon considerations in Wiggins's work. But I argue that the natural (...)
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  7.  47
    Jollimore, Troy. Love’s Vision. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011. Pp. 220. $35.00. [REVIEW]Jeffrey Seidman - 2012 - Ethics 122 (4):815-819.
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  8.  48
    Deep problems with neural network models of human vision.Jeffrey S. Bowers, Gaurav Malhotra, Marin Dujmović, Milton Llera Montero, Christian Tsvetkov, Valerio Biscione, Guillermo Puebla, Federico Adolfi, John E. Hummel, Rachel F. Heaton, Benjamin D. Evans, Jeffrey Mitchell & Ryan Blything - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e385.
    Deep neural networks (DNNs) have had extraordinary successes in classifying photographic images of objects and are often described as the best models of biological vision. This conclusion is largely based on three sets of findings: (1) DNNs are more accurate than any other model in classifying images taken from various datasets, (2) DNNs do the best job in predicting the pattern of human errors in classifying objects taken from various behavioral datasets, and (3) DNNs do the best job in predicting (...)
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  9.  43
    Harmful Stakeholder Strategies.Jeffrey S. Harrison & Andrew C. Wicks - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 169 (3):405-419.
    Stakeholder theory focuses on how more value is created if stakeholder relationships are governed by ethical principles such as integrity, respect, fairness, generosity and inclusiveness. However, it has not adequately addressed strategies that stakeholders perceive as harmful to their interests and how this perception can even lead some stakeholders to view the firm’s strategies as unethical. To fill the void, this paper directly addresses strategies that stakeholders perceive as harmful to their interests, or what we refer to as harmful stakeholder (...)
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  10. Explaining Science: A Cognitive Approach. [REVIEW]Jeffrey S. Poland - 1988 - Philosophical Review 100 (4):653-656.
  11. Mechanism and explanation in cognitive neuroscience.Jeffrey S. Poland & Barbara Von Eckardt - 2004 - Philosophy of Science 71 (5):972-984.
    The aim of this paper is to examine the usefulness of the Machamer, Darden, and Craver (2000) mechanism approach to gaining an understanding of explanation in cognitive neuroscience. We argue that although the mechanism approach can capture many aspects of explanation in cognitive neuroscience, it cannot capture everything. In particular, it cannot completely capture all aspects of the content and significance of mental representations or the evaluative features constitutive of psychopathology.
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  12.  24
    Topicalization in Child Language.Jeffrey S. Gruber - 1967 - Foundations of Language 3 (1):37-65.
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  13.  32
    On the biological plausibility of grandmother cells: Implications for neural network theories in psychology and neuroscience.Jeffrey S. Bowers - 2009 - Psychological Review 116 (1):220-251.
    A fundamental claim associated with parallel distributed processing theories of cognition is that knowledge is coded in a distributed manner in mind and brain. This approach rejects the claim that knowledge is coded in a localist fashion, with words, objects, and simple concepts, that is, coded with their own dedicated representations. One of the putative advantages of this approach is that the theories are biologically plausible. Indeed, advocates of the PDP approach often highlight the close parallels between distributed representations learned (...)
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  14.  22
    Ethicist as Healer: Is Offering Justified Normative Recommendations All We Are Doing in Active Patient Cases?Jeffrey S. Farroni - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (11):85-87.
    Volume 19, Issue 11, November 2019, Page 85-87.
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  15. Stakeholder Theory, Value, and Firm Performance.Jeffrey S. Harrison & Andrew C. Wicks - 2013 - Business Ethics Quarterly 23 (1):97-124.
    This paper argues that the notion of value has been overly simplified and narrowed to focus on economic returns. Stakeholder theory provides an appropriate lens for considering a more complex perspective of the value that stakeholders seek as well as new ways to measure it. We develop a four-factor perspective for defining value that includes, but extends beyond, the economic value stakeholders seek. To highlight its distinctiveness, we compare this perspective to three other popular performance perspectives. Recommendations are made regarding (...)
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  16.  62
    The practical and principled problems with educational neuroscience.Jeffrey S. Bowers - 2016 - Psychological Review 123 (5):600-612.
  17. Problems with the DSM approach to classifying psychopathology.Jeffrey S. Poland, Barbara von Eckardt & Will Spaulding - 1994 - In George Graham & G. Lynn Stephens (eds.), Philosophical Psychopathology. MIT Press.
     
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  18.  59
    Kierkegaard’s “Johannes Climacus” on Logical Systems and Existential Systems.Jeffrey S. Turner & Devon R. Beidler - 1991 - Idealistic Studies 21 (2-3):170-183.
    Part of the accepted scholarly lore about Kierkegaard is that he holds that “existence”—human existence—and “the System” are mutually incompatible. For Kierkegaard, human being cannot be understood in terms of a nice, neat, complete systematic package; he shows, on this view, that the Hegelian attempt to grasp all of reality in terms of a philosophical system will always fail to grasp the reality of at least one thing: the concrete, living, existing individual human being.
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  19. Data science ethical considerations: a systematic literature review and proposed project framework.Jeffrey S. Saltz & Neil Dewar - 2019 - Ethics and Information Technology 21 (3):197-208.
    Data science, and the related field of big data, is an emerging discipline involving the analysis of data to solve problems and develop insights. This rapidly growing domain promises many benefits to both consumers and businesses. However, the use of big data analytics can also introduce many ethical concerns, stemming from, for example, the possible loss of privacy or the harming of a sub-category of the population via a classification algorithm. To help address these potential ethical challenges, this paper maps (...)
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  20.  62
    άτοπία and Plato’s Gorgias.Jeffrey S. Turner - 1993 - International Studies in Philosophy 25 (1):69-77.
  21.  16
    The Project of Self-Education in Plato’s Protagoras, Gorgias, and Meno.Jeffrey S. Turner - 1998 - The Paideia Archive: Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy 3:290-297.
    One vigorous line of thought in contemporary moral philosophy, which I shall call ‘Neo-Aristotelianism,’ centers on three things: a rejection of traditional enlightenment moral theories like Kantianism and utilitarianism; a claim that another look at the ethical concerns and projects of ancient Greek thought might help us past the impasse into which enlightenment moral theories have left us; more particularly, an attempt to reinterpret Aristotle’s ethical work for the late twentieth-century so as to transcend this impasse.
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  22.  36
    Corporate Social Performance and Economic Cycles.Jeffrey S. Harrison & Shawn L. Berman - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 138 (2):279-294.
    Do firms respond to changes in economic growth by altering their corporate social responsibility programs? If they do respond, are their responses simply neglect of areas associated with corporate social performance or do they also cut back on positive programs such as profit sharing, public/private housing programs, or charitable contributions? In this paper, we argue that because CSP-related actions and programs tend to be discretionary, they are likely to receive less attention during tough economic times, a result of cost-cutting efforts. (...)
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  23.  26
    The redox regulation of intermediary metabolism by a superoxide–aconitase rheostat.Jeffrey S. Armstrong, Matthew Whiteman, Hongyuan Yang & Dean P. Jones - 2004 - Bioessays 26 (8):894-900.
    In this article, we discuss a hypothesis to explain the preferential synthesis of the superoxide sensitive form of aconitase in mitochondria and the phenotype observed in manganese superoxide dismutase mutant mice, which show a gross over accumulation of stored fat in liver. The model proposes that intermediary metabolism is redox regulated by mitochondrial superoxide generated during mitochondrial respiration. This regulates the level of reducing equivalents (NADH) entering the electron transport chain (ETC) through the reversible inactivation of mitochondrial aconitase. This control (...)
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  24.  34
    Interfering neighbours: The impact of novel word learning on the identification of visually similar words.Jeffrey S. Bowers, Colin J. Davis & Derek A. Hanley - 2005 - Cognition 97 (3):B45-B54.
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  25.  30
    Dante’s Commedia.Jeffrey S. Lehman - 2012 - Review of Metaphysics 65 (3):667-669.
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  26.  41
    Philosophers in the “Republic”: Plato’s Two Paradigms by Roslyn Weiss.Jeffrey S. Turner - 2015 - Ancient Philosophy 35 (1):209-215.
  27.  45
    From the Sacrifice of the Letter to the Voice of Testimony: Giorgio Agamben's Fulfillment of Metaphysics.Jeffrey S. Librett - 2007 - Diacritics 37 (2/3):11-33.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:From the Sacrifice of the Letter to the Voice of TestimonyGiorgio Agamben’s Fulfillment of MetaphysicsJeffrey S. Librett (bio)By denying us the limit of the Limitless, the death of God leads to an experience in which nothing may again announce the exteriority of being, and consequently to an experience which is interior and sovereign. But such an experience, for which the death of God is an explosive reality, discloses as (...)
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  28.  19
    St. Augustine’s Interpretation of the Psalms of Ascent.Jeffrey S. Lehman - 2015 - Augustinian Studies 46 (2):282-285.
  29. The Apologetic Stance.Jeffrey S. Helmreich - 2015 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 43 (2):75-108.
  30. Is Marx a Moral Consequentialist?Jeffrey S. Vogel - 1994 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 24 (4):541 - 563.
    Derek Allen, Richard Boyd, and Alan Gilbert have suggested that Marx’s normative political views should be reconstructed as a sophisticated version of moral consequentialism. This paper investigates whether Marx’s ostensible anti-moralism differs in any interesting way from Mill’s sophisticated utilitarianism plus some Marxist social science. I present an account of the social meaning and implications of moral language and argument, based on Marx’s description of morality as a social practice based on distinctive motives, emotions and sanctions, to explain why Marx (...)
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  31.  33
    Why do some neurons in cortex respond to information in a selective manner? Insights from artificial neural networks.Jeffrey S. Bowers, Ivan I. Vankov, Markus F. Damian & Colin J. Davis - 2016 - Cognition 148 (C):47-63.
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  32.  14
    Clarifying and Expanding the Role of Narrative in Ethics Consultation.Jeffrey S. Farroni, Jeff S. Matsler, Susannah W. Lee & Andrew Childress - 2020 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 31 (3):241-251.
    Understanding a patient’s story is integral to providing ethically supportable and practical recommendations that can improve patient care. Important skills include how to elicit an individual’s story, how to weave different narrative threads together, and how to assist the care team, patients, and caregivers to resolve difficult decisions or moral dilemmas. Narrative approaches to ethics consultation deepen dialogue and stakeholders’ engagement to reveal important values, preferences, and beliefs that may prove critical in resolving care challenges. Recognizing barriers to narrative inquiry, (...)
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  33.  72
    Stakeholder Theory at the Crossroads.Jeffrey S. Harrison & Jay B. Barney - 2020 - Business and Society 59 (2):203-212.
    The stakeholder perspective has provided a rich forum for a variety of debates at the intersection of business and society. Scholars gathered for two consecutive years, first in North America, and then in Europe, to discuss the major issues surrounding what has come to be known as stakeholder theory, to attempt to find common ground, and to uncover areas in need of further inquiry. Those meetings led to a list of “tensions” and a call for papers for this special issue (...)
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  34.  20
    In defense of the standard view.Jeffrey S. Poland & Barbara Von Eckardt - 2000 - ProtoSociology 14:312-331.
    In Explaining Attitudes, Lynne Rudder Baker considers two views of what it is to have a propositional attitude, the Standard View and Pragmatic Realism, and attempts to argue for Pragmatic Realism. The Standard View is, roughly, the view that “the attitudes, if there are any, are particular brain states”. In contrast, Pragmatic Realism that a person has a propositional attitude if and only if there are certain counterfactuals true of that person.Baker’s case against the Standard View is a complex one. (...)
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  35. To boldly go where no country has gone before : U.S. norm antipreneurism and the weaponization of outer space.Jeffrey S. Lantis - 2017 - In Alan Bloomfield & Shirley V. Scott (eds.), Norm antipreneurs and the politics of resistance to global normative change. New York, NY: Routledge.
     
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  36.  38
    I Don’t Know Why I Called You.Jeffrey S. Farroni & Colleen M. Gallagher - 2014 - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 4 (1):69-74.
    This case study details a request from a patient family member who calls our service without an articulated ethical dilemma. The issue that arose involved the conflict between continuing further medical interventions versus transitioning to supportive or palliative care and transferring the patient home. Beyond the resolution of the ethical dilemma, this narrative illustrates an approach to ethics consultation that seeks practical resolution of ethical dilemmas in alignment with patient goals and values. Importantly, the family’s suffering is addressed through a (...)
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  37.  60
    Neural networks learn highly selective representations in order to overcome the superposition catastrophe.Jeffrey S. Bowers, Ivan I. Vankov, Markus F. Damian & Colin J. Davis - 2014 - Psychological Review 121 (2):248-261.
  38.  56
    Subdirectly Irreducible Residuated Semilattices and Positive Universal Classes.Jeffrey S. Olson - 2006 - Studia Logica 83 (1-3):393-406.
    CRS(fc) denotes the variety of commutative residuated semilattice-ordered monoids that satisfy (x ⋀ e)k ≤ (x ⋀ e)k+1. A structural characterization of the subdi-rectly irreducible members of CRS(k) is proved, and is then used to provide a constructive approach to the axiomatization of varieties generated by positive universal subclasses of CRS(k).
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  39.  27
    The Bounds of Morality.Jeffrey S. Helmreich - 2018 - ProtoSociology 35:217-234.
    Margaret Gilbert’s ‘Three Dogmas about Promising’ is a paradigm-shifting contribution to the literature, not only for its account of promissory obligation based on joint commitment, but for its equally important focus on two properties of such obligation, which her account uniquely and elegantly captures: first, that the duty to keep a promise is necessary—the obligation stands regardless of the content or morality of the promise—and, second, that it is directed, with the promisee having unique standing to demand performance. A related (...)
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  40. Aristotle's Definition of Happiness (NE 1.7, 1098a16–18)'.Jeffrey S. Purinton - 1998 - Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 16:259-297.
  41. Overcoming Luck: Two Trends in Legal Philosophy.Jeffrey S. Helmreich - 2018 - Analysis 78 (2):335-347.
    © The Author 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Analysis Trust. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected] article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model...Philosophy of law was until recently dominated by abstract investigation into the nature of law, a pursuit known as ‘general jurisprudence’. In this way, it resembled a branch of metaphysics or mid-twentieth century philosophy of mind, seeking to uncover the essential properties (...)
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  42. Aesthetics in deconstruction: Derrida's reception of Kant's critique of judgment.Jeffrey S. Librett - 2012 - Philosophical Forum 43 (3):327-344.
  43.  27
    Learning Representations of Wordforms With Recurrent Networks: Comment on Sibley, Kello, Plaut, & Elman (2008).Jeffrey S. Bowers & Colin J. Davis - 2009 - Cognitive Science 33 (7):1183-1186.
    Sibley et al. (2008) report a recurrent neural network model designed to learn wordform representations suitable for written and spoken word identification. The authors claim that their sequence encoder network overcomes a key limitation associated with models that code letters by position (e.g., CAT might be coded as C‐in‐position‐1, A‐in‐position‐2, T‐in‐position‐3). The problem with coding letters by position (slot‐coding) is that it is difficult to generalize knowledge across positions; for example, the overlap between CAT and TOMCAT is lost. Although we (...)
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  44.  54
    Opportunistic Disclosures of Earnings Forecasts and Non-GAAP Earnings Measures.Jeffrey S. Miller - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 89 (S1):3 - 10.
    The Securities and Exchange Commission requires publicly held US corporations to disclose all information, whether it is positive or negative, that might be relevant to an investor's decision to buy, sell, or hold a company's securities. The decisions made by corporate managers to disclose such information can significantly affect the judgments and decisions of investors. This paper examines academic accounting research on corporate managers' voluntary disclosures of earnings forecasts and non-GAAP earnings measures. Much of the evidence from this research indicates (...)
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  45.  58
    The Moderating Effects from Corporate Governance Characteristics on the Relationship Between Available Slack and Community-Based Firm Performance.Jeffrey S. Harrison & Joseph E. Coombs - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 107 (4):409-422.
    Recent perspectives on community investments suggest that they are opportunities for firms to create value for shareholders and other stakeholders. However, many corporate managers are still influenced by a widely held belief that such investments erode profits and are therefore unjustifiable from an agency perspective. In this paper, we refine and test theory regarding countervailing forces that influence community-based firm performance. We hypothesize that high levels of available slack will be associated with higher community-based performance, but that this relationship will (...)
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  46. Entropy and information: Suggestions for common language.Jeffrey S. Wicken - 1987 - Philosophy of Science 54 (2):176-193.
    Entropy and information are both emerging as currencies of interdisciplinary dialogue, most recently in evolutionary theory. If this dialogue is to be fruitful, there must be general agreement about the meaning of these terms. That this is not presently the case owes principally to the supposition of many information theorists that information theory has succeeded in generalizing the entropy concept. The present paper will consider the merits of the generalization thesis, and make some suggestions for restricting both entropy and information (...)
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  47.  43
    Must Theology Re‐Kant?Jeffrey S. Privette - 1999 - Heythrop Journal 40 (2):166–183.
  48.  48
    A Note on Vlastos, Vietnam, and Socrates.Jeffrey S. Turner - 1998 - Ancient Philosophy 18 (2):309-314.
  49.  42
    Socrates amidst the academics?∗.Jeffrey S. Turner - 1991 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 34 (2):255 – 278.
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  50.  24
    Postscript: More problems with Botvinick and Plaut’s (2006) PDP model of short-term memory.Jeffrey S. Bowers, Markus F. Damian & Colin J. Davis - 2009 - Psychological Review 116 (4):995-997.
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